Book Map Pages 6 Map Projections 13 Early Civilizations 21 Geography of Ancient Egypt 26 Egyptian Empire About 1450 B.C. 36 Geography of the Ancient Middle East 42 Hammurabis Empire About 1700 B.C. 45 Assyrian and Persian Empires 46 Phoenician Trade and Colonies 46 Palestine About 800 B.C. 54 Geography of Ancient India 61 Geography of Ancient China 76 Geography of Ancient Greece 86 Ancient Greece 95 Empire of Alexander the Great 102 Ancient Italy, About 600 B.C. 107 Expansion of Rome, 509 B.C. - .44 B.C. 114 Trade in the Roman Empire, About 117 A.D. 126 Spread of Christianity to 476 A.D. 131 Invasions of the Roman Empire to 500 A.D. 140 Buddhism and Hinduism to 500 A.D. 141 Maurya Empire, About 250 B.C. 143 Gupta Empire, About 400 A.D. 151 Empires of China, 221 B.C. – 220 A.D. 163 Charlemagne's Empire 163 Division of Charlemagne's Empire 165 Invasions of Europe, 700 - 1000 175 Spread of Christianity in Europe, 476 - 1050 182 Medieval Towns and Trade Routes 192 Crusades 192 Crusader States, 1099 204 Growth of Royal Lands in France, 987 - 1328 208 Christian Reconquest of Spain, 750 - 1492 213 Hundred Years' War, 1337 - 1453 225 Byzantine Empire, 565 – 1000 225 The Straits 230 Growth of Russia, 1300 - 1584 233 Expansion of Islam 242 Geography of Africa 242 Climate Zones in Africa 248 Early Kingdoms of Africa 253 Early Civilizations in the Americas 265 Mogul Empire, 1526 – 1707 272 Mongol Empire, About 1294 275 Geography of Japan 327 Renaissance Italy, About 1494 344 Major Religions in Europe, About 1600 352 Voyages of Discovery, 1487 – 1610 356 European Trade in Asia, About 1700 364 European Claims in the Americas, About 1700 385 Europe After the Peace of Westphalia, 1648 389 Ottoman Empire, 1453 – 1566 393 Growth of Russia, 1689 - 1796 424 British Isles, 1707 428 North America, 1783 441 Revolutionary France, 1789–1793 449 Europe at the height of Napoleon's Power, 1812 457 Europe After the Congress of Vienna, 1815 478 Industrial Revolution in Great Britain, About 1830 480 Spread of Industry, About 1870 523 Growth of the United States, 1783 - 1853 525 Major Railroads in the United States, About 1900 534 Unification of Italy, 1858 – 1870 539 Unification of Germany, 1865 – 1871 550 Nationalities in Eastern Europe, About 1870 551 The Balkans, 1878 561 Scramble for Africa, 1880 - 1914 561 European Possessions in Africa, About 1850 570 South Africa, About 1850 583 The British in India to 1858 587 Spheres of Influence in China to 1914 596 Foreign Possessions in Southeast Asia to 1914 602 Latin America, About 1828 602 Latin America, About 1790 614 Foreign Influence in the Caribbean, 1898 - 1917 626 European Alliance System, 1907 629 Western Front, 1914 - 1918 637 War in Europe, 1914 - 1918 642 Europe after World War I 661 Middle East in the 1920s 674 Soviet Union in the 1930s 687 Japanese Expansion to 1934 694 Aggression in Europe, 1936 – 1939 702 World War II in Europe and North Africa, 1942 - 1945 704 World War II in the Pacific, 1941 - 1945 715 Germany Divided 720 Europe after World War II 740 Africa, 1945 – Present 745 Nigeria 747 Tanzania 750 Southern Africa 763 Middle East Today 770 Arab-Israeli conflict 778 South Asia, 1945 - Present 781 China, 1949 – Present 784 Korean War 792 War in Southeast Asia 801 Latin America: Economic Activities

Mini Atlas 70 Ancient Civilizations 71 Chou Dynasty in China 156 The World in Roman Times 157 Greek Colonies, 750 B.C.,550 B.C 218 Western Europe, About 1400 219 Europe, About 500 284 Golden Ages Outside Western Europe 396 Delhi Sultanate, About 1300 396 Age of Exploration, About 1700 397 Empire of Charles V, 1516–1556 468 Age of Revolution 469 Napoleon's Invasion of Russia 554 Growth of the Nation State 555 Growth of Railroads in Europe, 1850-1900 618 Age of Imperialism 619 European Exploration of Africa 732 The World at WarWorld War II 773 Allied Invasion of France, June 6, 1944 854 World Urbanization 855 The Pacific Rim: Trends in Export Trade, 1980–1986

Reference Atlas 858 World Population 860 World Climate Zones 861 Mineral Resources of the World 862 Africa Today 863 Africa Physical 864 Asia Today 865 Asia Physical 866 Europe Today 867 Europe Physical 868 North and South America Today 869 North and South America Physical

Builders and Shapers 28 Queen Nefertiti 48 Solomon: King of Israel 89 Sophocles: The Roots of Ethics 128 Marcus Aurelius: Philosopher-King 210 Isabella: Spain's Crusading Queen 236 Avicenna: A Brilliant Physician 268 Wu Chao: China's Woman Emperor 337 Isabella d'Este: Renaissance Person 407 Josiah Wedgwood: A Practical Man of the Enlightenment 465 Carl Schurz: Revolutionary Leader 502 Marie Curie: A Pioneer in the Study of Radioactivity 513 Emmeline Pankhurst and votes for Women 565 Menelik II: Emperor of Ethiopia 610 Women in the Mexican Revolution 663 Gandhi's Nonviolent Revolution 677 "Confessions" of an Old Bolshevik 684 Jesse Owens and the Berlin Olympics 828 Lech Walesa's Way of Hope

Through Their Eyes 30 Instructions of the Vizier Ptah-hotep 39 The Gilgamesh Epic 147 The Sayings of Confucius 188 Chaucers The Canterbury Tales 203 The Magna Carta 483 The Flight at Kitty Hawk 592 A Japanese View of Europe

Daily Life 113 Chariot Races at the Circus Maximus 173 Bodo and Ermentrude: A Medieval Peasant Family 247 Timbuktu: City of Scholars 266 Ibn Battuta: A World Traveler in India 335 All London's a Stage 419 Life Under the Puritans 463 The Brothers Grimm and German Nationalism 635 Mobilizing for Total War 659 Popular Entertainment in the Twenties and Thirties 728 Television: The Early Years 761 Two Different paths for Women: Saudi Arabia and Egypt 808 Rigoberta Menchϊ: An Indian Woman Speaks 846 The Giant Panda: An International "Treasure"

Economics and History 64 Silkmaking in Ancient China 166 Viking Traders in the East 368 New Foods for the European Table 526 America: Magnet for Immigrants 541 The Krupp Works: The Arsenal of Germany 787 The Robot Revolution in Japan

Then and Now 9 Who Was the Bog Man? 110 Rome and the American Revolution 256 Pok-a-tok: An Ancient Game of the Americas 382 The Homeless in Paris 404 The Slow Progress of Medicine 481 The Invention of Photography 607 The Gauchos of Argentina 717 The Berlin Wall 739 The Ancient Art of Storytelling 850 The Find of the Century

Geography in History 62 China's River of Sorrows 392 A New Capital for Russia 451 Napoleon's Retreat from Moscow 545 The Decembrist Exiles: Aristocrats in Siberia 595 Krakatoa: The Blast Heard Round the World 639 The Deadly Flu of 1918 705 The Battle of Midway 752 Losing Ground: The Spreading Deserts of Africa 810 The Vanishing Rain Forests

I0 2 Foundations of Civilization (Prehistory 3000 B.C.) S1 3 Geography and World History S2 7 Discovering Prehistory S3 10 Stone Age Peoples S4 12 Emergence of Civilzation C1 18 Ancient Egypt (7000 B.C. - 30 B.C.) S1 19 Early Egyptian Civilization S2 23 Government in Ancient Egypt S3 27 Ancient Egyptian Society C2 34 The Ancient Middle East (4500 B.C. 331 B.C.) S1 35 Sumerian Civilization S2 40 A Blending of Cultures S3 46 Contributions of Smaller States C3 52 Ancient India and China (2500 B.C. - 256 B.C.) S1 53 The First Civilization in India S2 57 The Aryans S3 60 Beginning of Chinese Civilzation S4 65 Expansion Under the Chou Dynasty C4 74 The Heritage of Ancient Greece (2000 B.C. - 133 B.c.) S1 75 Early Civilizations in the Aegean S2 76 The Greek City-States S3 84 A Century of Wars S4 87 Patterns of Greek Life and Thought S5 93 The Spread of Greek Civilization C5 100 Ancient Rome: Republic to Empire (509 B.C. - 180 A.D.) S1 101 The Roman Republic S2 106 The Expansion of Rome S3 108 Decline of the Republic S4 111 The Roman Empire C6 118 The Roman Heritage (509 B.C. - 476 A.D.) S1 119 Greco-Roman Civilization S2 123 Rise of Christianity S3 127 Breakdown of Unity in the Empire S4 130 Collapse of the Empire C7 136 The Heritage of India and China (600 B.C. - 550 A.D.) S1 137 Two Influential Religions S2 141 Great Empires in India S3 144 Indian Society and Culture S4 146 The Shaping of Chinese Traditions S5 147 Unification of China C8 160 Foundations of Medieval Europe (500 - 1050) S1 161 The Germanic Kingdoms S2 166 Feudal Society S3 171 Life on the Manor S4 174 The Medieval Church C9 180 The Height of Medieval Civilization (1050 - 1350) S1 181 Economic Patterns S2 186 Medieval Culture S3 191 Expanding Horizons C10 198 Building National Monarchies (1000 - 1500) S1 199 Growth of Royal Power in England and France S2 204 The Struggle Between Popes and Emperors S3 207 Strong Monarchies in Spain and Scandinavia S4 211 Decline of Medieval Society C11 222 Byzantine and Islamic Civilizations S1 223 The Byzantine Empire S2 228 Eastern Europe: Heir to Byzantine Civilization S3 231 Emergence of Islam S4 235 Islamic Civilization C12 240 Africa and the Americas (3000 B.C. - 1532 A.D.) S1 241 Africa: The Land and Early Peoples S2 244 African Empires and Trading States S3 249 Patterns of Daily Life in Africa S4 252 The First Americans S5 254 Early Civilization in the Americas C13 262 India, China, and Japan (550 - 1650) S1 263 A Meeting of Cultures in India S2 267 Flowering of Chinese Civilization S3 272 Mongol and Ming Empires S4 274 Foundations of Japanese Civilization S5 277 From Feudalism to Unified Nation C14 324 The Renaissance and Reformation (1350 - 1600) S1 325 Spirit of the Renaissance S2 329 Art and Literature of the Renaissance S3 334 Changing patterns of Life S4 338 Beginnings of the Reformation S5 341 Further Challenges to the Catholic Church C15 348 Exploration and Expansion (1450 - 750 ) S1 349 Voyages of Exploration S2 355 Profitable Trade with the East S3 357 First Colonies in the Americas S4 362 Dividing Up North America S5 366 The Commercial Revolution C16 372 The Age of Absolute Monarchs (1500 - 1795) S1 373 Golden Age of Spain S2 378 The French Monarchy S3 383 Struggles Among the German States S4 386 Developments in Eastern Europe C17 400 The Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment (1500 - 800) S1 401 New Directions in Science S2 405 Enlightenment Thinkers S3 409 Impact of the Enlightenment C18 414 Revolution in England and North America (1509 – 1791) S1 415 Clashes Between King and Parliament S2 420 Establishing a Limited Monarchy S3 424 Revolution in Colonial America C19 432 The French Revolution and Napoleon (1789 - 1815) S1 433 The French Monarchy in Crisis S2 436 A Moderate Start to the Revolution S3 440 The Revolution Deepens S5 444 The Rise of Napoleon Bonaparte S4 447 Napoleon in Triumph and Defeat C20 454 Revolutions and Reaction (1815 – 848) S1 455 Restoring Peace S2 459 A New Era of Revolution in France S3 462 Revolts in other parts of Europe C21 472 The Industrial Revolution (1750 - 1914) S1 473 Beginnings of the Industrial Revolution S2 479 The Rise of Modern Industry S3 484 Effects of Industrialization S4 488 Responses to the Industrial Revolution C22 494 Currents of Thought (1800 – 1914) S1 495 New Ideas about Organizing Society S2 499 An Age of Science S3 504 Changing patterns in the Arts C23 510 Growth of Democracy (1815 – 914) S1 511 Reforms in Great Britain S2 514 Moving Away From British Rule S3 517 From Empire to Republic in France S4 522 Expansion of the United States S5 527 Reform in the United States C24 532 Triumph of Nationalism (1848 – 1914) S1 533 The Unification of Italy S2 537 The Unification of German S3 540 Consolidating the German Empire S4 544 Repression and Reform in Russia S5 549 Nationalism in Eastern Europe C25 558 Africa in the Age of Imperialism (1700 - 1914) S1 559 A New Age of European Expansion S2 562 North Africa S3 566 West and Central Africa S4 569 Southern and Eastern Africa S5 573 European Rule in Africa C26 580 Asia and the West (1650 - 1920) S1 581 India under British Rule S2 585 Conflict Between China and the West S3 589 Modernizing Japan S4 593 Southeast Asia and the Pacific C27 600 Revolution and Independence in Latin America (1750 – 1917) S1 601 The Wars of Independence S2 607 Strengthening the New Nations S3 611 Imperialism in Latin America C28 622 World War I (1914. 1919) S1 623 Sources of Tension S2 626 On the Brink S3 629 The War Years S4 634 An End to the Stalemate S5 638 The Peace Settlements C29 646 The Aftermath of War (1919 - 1939) S1 647 Western Europe in the 1920s S2 651 Changing patterns of Life S3 654 The United States in the 1920s and 1930s S4 657 Crises of the 1930s in Europe S5 661 Nationalist Struggles Outside Europe C30 668 The Rise of Totalitarian States (1922 - 1936) S1 669 Revolution in Russia S2 673 The Soviet Union Under Stalin S3 678 Fascism in Italy S4 681 The Rise of Nazi Germany S5 686 Militarism in Japan C31 690 The World at War (1936-1945) S1 691 The Road to War S2 695 War in Europe S3 698 War in the Pacific S4 700 The Tide Turns S5 707 Effects of the War C32 712 The Cold War and European Recovery (1945 - 1968) S1 713 The Cold War Begins S2 719 Rebuilding Western Europe S3 723 The Soviet Union and Eastern Europe S4 726 Developments in the United States C33 736 Africa (1945 - Present) S1 737 winning Independence S2 741 Challenges facing African Nations S3 745 Nigeria and Tanzania: Nations in Transition S4 748 Tensions in Southern Africa S5 751 Africa in the World Today C34 756 The Middle East (1945 - Present) S1 757 Tradition and Change S2 763 Islamic States of the Middle East S3 768 Israel and the Arab world C35 774 Asia (1945-Present) S1 775 Independent Nations of South Asia S2 780 Revolutionary Changes in China S3 785 Japan: An Economic Giant in Asia S4 789 Nations on the Pacific Rim C36 796 Latin America (1945 - Present) S1 797 Challenges of Modernization S2 802 Politics of Change S3 807 Different Routes to Modernization S4 811 Latin America and the World C37 818 Europe and the United States (1968 - Present) S1 819 Changing Outlooks in Western Europe S2 825 Whirlwind of Change in Eastern Europe S3 829 Challenges in the United States E0 836 A New Age of Exploration (1945 - Present) S1 837 The New Scientific Revolution S2 842 Challenges for the Future